Which of these best describes urbanization?

Urbanization is best described as the movement of people from rural to urban areas. This process involves individuals and families relocating to cities and towns in search of better economic opportunities, improved living standards, and access to services such as education and healthcare. As more people congregate in urban areas, cities grow and develop, leading to increased infrastructure, cultural diversity, and economic changes within the community.

The other options touch on related concepts but do not define urbanization as accurately. The decline of rural population could be a consequence of urbanization, but it does not capture the full essence of the process itself. The establishment of new communities might occur as urban areas expand, but it is not specific to the movement of people that characterizes urbanization. Furthermore, the expansion of agricultural land typically refers to rural development rather than urban growth, making it less relevant to the definition of urbanization.