What represents the “push” factor in migration?

The concept of "push" factors in migration refers specifically to conditions that compel individuals to leave their home country or region. Unfavorable conditions, such as war, political instability, economic hardship, natural disasters, or persecution, create an environment that leads people to seek better circumstances elsewhere. These negative factors are what drive individuals away, making them more likely to emigrate in search of safety, stability, and improved living conditions.

In contrast, other factors mentioned, such as economic opportunities or the availability of social services, are considered "pull" factors. These elements attract migrants to a new location rather than compelling them to leave their current situation. Understanding the distinction between push and pull factors is crucial in studying migration patterns and the conditions affecting human movement across borders.