What is globalization?

Globalization refers to the process by which businesses, organizations, and sometimes even individuals gain international influence and expand their operations across national borders. This phenomenon is characterized by the integration of markets, cultures, and even political systems as economies become more interconnected through trade, technology, and communication.

In the context of globalization, companies may establish operations in multiple countries to access new markets and resources, or to leverage lower production costs. This expansion leads to a blending of ideas, values, and practices across different cultures, promoting a more interconnected global economy. The emergence of multinational corporations and transnational enterprises is a significant aspect of this process, as they operate in numerous countries and contribute significantly to economic and cultural exchange.

The other options describe different phenomena that do not accurately capture the essence of globalization. For instance, increasing isolation of national economies is contrary to the very nature of globalization, which promotes economic interdependence. A shift of populations from urban to rural areas reflects demographic change rather than a global interconnectedness. The interaction between local cultures and global brands is a component of globalization but does not encompass the broader economic and organizational aspect that the correct answer highlights.