What is a population pyramid?

A population pyramid is a graphical representation that illustrates the age and sex distribution of a population. This type of chart typically has age groups displayed on the vertical axis and population numbers on the horizontal axis, with one side showing males and the other showing females. The shape of the pyramid can provide insights into population growth trends, fertility rates, and the potential dependency ratio within a society.

For instance, a pyramid with a broad base indicates a high birth rate, suggesting a youthful population, while a more rectangular shape may indicate an aging population with lower birth rates. By analyzing such structures, demographers can gain crucial information about societal needs, services, and potential economic challenges or advantages going forward. This makes population pyramids an important tool in both geography and social sciences when studying population dynamics.