What does the term "carrying capacity" refer to in human geography?

The term "carrying capacity" in human geography refers to the maximum population size an environment can realistically sustain without degrading the environment. This concept is grounded in the relationship between a population and the resources available to it, such as food, water, and shelter. When a population exceeds its carrying capacity, it can lead to overexploitation of resources, habitat destruction, and ultimately a decline in the population due to resource scarcity.

Understanding this concept is crucial for urban planning, resource management, and sustainability efforts. For instance, knowing the carrying capacity of a region influences how communities plan for growth, manage agriculture, and set policies for conservation. This concept illustrates the balance between resource consumption and population growth, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices to maintain a healthy environment capable of supporting human life.